Problem :-
Implement a queue using an array. Write the following functions :
enqueue ( int ) to insert an element at the rear end of the queue.
dequeue ( ) to remove the an element from the front end of the queue.
display ( ) to display all the elements of queue.
Solution :-
We will use an array of fixed size and maintain two variables front ( stores the index of the front element of the queue ) and
rear ( stores the index of last element in the queue ). For enqueing ( inserting ) an element, we increment rear and insert
the element and for dequeing ( removing ) an element, we increment front.
See the implementation below.
#include<iostream>
#define SIZE 100
using namespace std;
class Queue {
int arr[SIZE];
int front, rear;
public :
Queue() {
front = rear = -1;
}
void enqueue(int); // insert an element into queue
void dequeue(); // Remove the front element from queue
void display(); // display the queue elements
};
void Queue :: enqueue(int data) {
if (rear == -1) { // queue is empty
front = rear = 0;
arr[front] = data;
}
else if (rear == SIZE-1) { // queue is full
cout << "\nNo space in queue ...";
}
else {
rear++;
arr[rear] = data; // insert the element at the end of the queue
}
}
void Queue :: dequeue() {
if (front == -1) { // queue is empty
cout << "Queue is empty ... " << endl;
return;
}
else {
if (front == rear) { // only one element in queue
front = rear = -1;
}
else {
front++; // shift front by 1 position
}
}
}
void Queue :: display() {
int i;
cout << "Current Queue Elements ( front to rear ) :- " << endl;
if (front == -1) {
cout << "Queue is empty ... " << endl;
return;
}
else {
for (i = front; i <= rear; i++) {
cout << arr[i] << " ";
}
}
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
Queue q;
q.enqueue(7);
q.enqueue(11);
q.enqueue(8);
q.enqueue(2);
q.display();
q.dequeue(); // 7 is dequeued
q.dequeue(); // 11 is dequeued
q.enqueue(5);
q.display();
return 0;
}